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Ceahlau

Mount located at the center - north of Carpates Eastern, at the west of the department of Neamt and the south of the department of Suceava.
Surface: 300 km square.

The Ceahlau Mount is surrounded by the Valley of Bistricioara (in north), the river of Bicaz (in the south), the river of Pintic (in the west) is by the Lake the Source of the Mount (Lacul Izvorul Muntelui) in the south.
In the Mount of Ceahlau there is a famous National park by its varieties of species; of its flora and its fauna.



The mount of Ceahlau, formed of sedimentary rocks is singular because of the rock precipice (with the top of “Ocolasu Mare”), of the turns (“Panaghia”, “Claia him Miron”), of conglomerated rocks the “of the cretaceous”, the odd and gravitational forms for the tourists.
The peak of Ceahlau, often evoked in the Rumanian traditional literature, is “Toaca” 1904m.

There are 4 country cottages of mountain: (Izvorul (“Schimbarea the fata”) Muntelui (altitude 797m), Fantanele (1200m), Dochia (1790m) and Stanilelor (1400m)
In the mount of Ceahlau a vault of great altitude of Romania is, built in 1992.

Ceahlau, country of the legends and the popular habits

The popular legends of the Ceahlau Mount constitute a source of inspiration for the writers and the scenario writers.

The legend of the Tower of Butu (history of love between Butu and Ana, which occurs at the time of the reign Alexandru concealment Bun), legend which inspired the writer Gheorghe Asachi. This one published for the first time, in 1823.

The legend of Dochia

The rock known under the name of “Stanca Dochiei” inspired a very known legend: a hurdy-gurdy shepherdess which carried 9 skins of lamb left with her sheep and its goats towards the peak the mounts, in spite of the bad weather.

It snowed very extremely and the soaked skins of lamb were increasingly heavy. The old one started to get rid some. When it and remained with last the skins, freezing fell and the old woman is cold.

In Bucovine another alternative of the legend of Dochia circulates: in this one, Dochia is a girl of king who flees of an imposed husband gets dressed as a shepherdess and goes up towards the peak with his herd of sheep.

The weather was good and Dochia starts to throw its skins but, arrived at the top, a dreadful winter settles. Dochia cold and is transformed into rock.

The popular legend was also published for the first time by the writer Gheorghe Asachi, in 1823.
Mihail Sadoveanu was inspired by this legend and wrote a history published under the name of “Martisor”.

Other legends

Another legend of the place east “Panaghia” published by the Rumanian writer Calistrat Hogas. It listened to it during its stroll in the Mounts of Neamt.
The Legend “Piatra Teiului” (stone of the lime) was published by the writer Alecu Russo.

The legend of the peak “Toaca”, the legend of the lilies, the legend of the peak of the shepherd, the legend of the stone in tears are other tales told by the old men during the long nights of winter, with taken care in front of lit fire, the sheep-fold. Ca belongs to the habits kept of this of this place full with mystery.

Ion Simionescu, important Rumanian geographer, devoted to the Ceahlau mount of the beautiful pages like: Calistrat Hogas, Alexandru Vlahuta and Mihai Sadoveanu.

Flora
De Ceahlau is famous by its endemisms and under endemisms among which:
Ranunculus carpaticus (“Crucea voinicului”) the cross of the good chap.
Hepatica transsilvanica (“Cadelnita”) the censer
Campanula carpatica

Among the protected species of flora:
Leontopodium alpinum (edelweiss), Nigritelle will rubra and Nigritelle will nigra
Cypripedium calceolus (the shoe of Come), Taxus boccata (the yew)
Larix decidua carpatica (the pine laricio).
From 1955 there is a reserve protected from larch (known under the name of “Polita Cu crini”)

Fauna
Fauna is very diverse (were identified more than 90 species of bird, including Tetrao urogallus).

Among the mammals, live: Rupicapra will rupicapra (Capra will neagra) the chamois, Cervus elaphus (cerbul carpatin) the stag, Erinaceus europaeus (ariciul) the hedgehog, Martes martes (jderul) the marte, Felis lynx (lynxul) the lynx.

Ancestral festival on the Mount of Ceahlau

The ancestral ceremonies and popular habits were described by the Rumanian anthropologist Romulus Vulcanescu who testified on the “Festival to the Go up” to the year' 50, when people went up into blowing to the sound of horn (“bucium”) until top and lit fires in the four point cardinals.

The sound of the horn was the signal for the gathering of all (men, women, old men and children), in costumes traditional and prepared with food to go up.

This festival occurs in first half of August when, thanks to the position of the Sun, there is a single optical phenomenon: a pyramid of shade, created on the peak Toaca.

This ancestral festival is a testimony the beliefs of the ancestors of Rumanian, the Dac people.
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With the foot of the Ceahlau mount, in the Audia village there found 17 traces of dwelling which belong is Cultura Cucuteni” (3700 -2900 front J. C.)

Center worship of the time of the paleolithic superior, the Ceahlau Mount shelters traces of life of 27.000 years ago. The researchers Nicolae and Elena Ticleanu published full studies on the mysteries ancestral of this single place, evokes in the work “Descriptio Moldaviae” by the Moldavian prince scholar Dimitrie Cantemir.


Text: Cleopatra Lorintiu

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