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Nasaud

City of the department of Bistrita-Nasaud, located in the North-East of Transylvania.10 282 inhabitants.
The city is located in the more known place under the name of "Districtus Rodnensis" or «Vallis Rodnensis ", known at the time of the Romain Empire like an area re-elected for its money and gold mines.

First certificate documentary date of 1245 under the name of Naszod (there are several assumptions on the etymology of the name, which could be of origin Latin or Slavic).

Located on the road who binds Transylvania and Bucovine by the collar of Rotunda, located in the Rodna Mounts.
The city has much suffered at the time of the invasions from the migrating people, particularly because of the invasions of the tatares in XIIIème centuries.

The area of Nasaud has fact part of the system of the borders of the Empire of Habsbourg, reinforced at the time by the Austrian Empress Marie Thérèse.

Between 1762 and 1783 has summer creates the 17 Regiment of infantry of the Borders of Nasaud. Its emblem was the Austrian imperial falcon whose currency was "Virtus Romana Rediviva "to point out the Latin origins of the area. The Emperor Frantz Joseph went to three resumptions in official visit in Nasaud (1773, 1784 and 1786). In one as of the it’s voyages to the country of Nasaud it has exclaim: "SALVO PARVA NEPOS ROMULI", in Latin (who means you are saved, small nephew of Romulus!)

These legendary words remained, four villages in the valley carries one of the names of currency: Salva, Parva, Nepos and Romuli. 17eme Regiment of infantry was implied in 20 military campaigns including 133 battles against the Prussians (1799), the Ottomans (1788) and those French (1792-1814)

Soldiers of Nasaud, known under the name of "catanele negre", because of the specific black uniforms, they one makes a strong impression on the young Napoléon Bonaparte General, in battle of November the 15, and 17 1796. That Ci evoked these facts at the time of its exiles in the Island of Holy Helene, more known episode under the name of Battle of Arcole.

In 1851 the Regiment was dissolved by the Emperor Frantz Joseph who decreed the Gold Medal to him for military merits.

The consequence more important of the military battles Rumanian of the Country of Nasaud was it right to have schools for their children.

Thus them schools were create in Maieru, Monor, Nasaud and, between 1770-1777 was create "the Latin school and Gernan"(Scoala Normala).

There is a tradition in the teaching teaching (course for the teachers) which was recovery after 1963.
Schools of Nasaud (the College George Cosbuc, the teaching College, the forest college) have continued the good tradition of the old schools, while cultivating with the pupils the patriotic spirit and the respect for the old, historical values place.

Nasaud is recognized for the great number of the academicians who made their studies in its schools, among which: the writers George Cosbuc and Liviu Rebreanu, it botanist Florian Porcius, the first patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Romania Ilie Miron Cristea, the mathematician Grigore C. Moisil, it geographer Tiberiu Morar, the ethnographer Simeon Florea marian, the Emil poet Isac, the university professor phthisiologist Leon Daniello or it métropolite Nicolae Balan.

Among cultural institutions of interret:

• The Cultural Company Virtus Romana Rediviva
• The library of Nasaud
• The House of the writer Liviu Rebreanu (in the suburbs "Prislop"
• The Museum of Nasaud "Svarda" is in the building more old. This one had built by the soldiers of the Empire of Habsbourg.

• The college "George Cosbuc" of Nasaud, built in 1888 with financing of the soldiers of the Regiment of the borders is beautiful building, eulogistic description of the historian Nicolae Iorga in his memories which said: "It is most beautiful of the colleges Rumanian which live beyond the mountains "

True folk traditions animate inhabitants of this area:

• The international Festival of folklore "Ispas with Nasaud".
• The Great Festival of May which points out the large Parliament of Roumanians on the Plain of Freedom in the town of Blaj in 1848, when the Roumanians of Transylvania affirmed their will of unit main road with the Roumanians of Moldavia and Valachie.

Popular traditional costume

The popular traditional costume masculine of this area is characterized by the beauty from the hat (with one range in feathers of peacock). This element distinguishes the male costume is specific only for this area.

Made fabrics more or less fines, according to the occasion or one carried, the shirt "with empiècement "formed carpatic part of the costume, having the front, the back and handles plain and wrinkled around the collar: the shirt of the woman is decorated using the traditional decorative processes: the seam with back, warped on the wire or warped on the froncis.

It is by the means of the novel "Ion" of Liviu Rebreanu, delivers traditional Rumanian literature that the area of Nasaud is known, the peasant of this area represents, by its passion for the ground, the prototype of the Rumanian peasant.








Text: Cléopatra Lorintiu

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