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Baia Mare

The city of Baia Mare is located in the north - west. It is surrounded on the north by mountains Ignis to the east by the Gutai Mountains and south of the Hills (Dealurile Silvaniei) lies on the River Valley Sasar.
Its name stands for Great Mine, because it was renowned for its minerals since ancient times.

Capital of Maramures, with a population of 140 000 inhabitants. Located more than 600km from Bucharest and 70 km from the Hungarian border, 50 km from the Ukraine.

History:
The archaeological remains show an active civilization from Upper Palaeolithic, Bronze Age when the tribes of Dac lived there.

First documentary in 1329 in a document of King Louis of Anjou.
The current Mint Hotel Baia Mare is first mentioned in 1411 as the most renowned workshop of its kind in Transylvania.

En1446 all mines County Baia Mare became the property of Voïvode of Transylvania, Iancu de Hunedoara in exchange for its courageous struggles against the Ottoman invasion.

In 1469 the king of Hungary, Matei Corvin has issued an important document for the city: the right to build fortifications with high walls, walls, ditches, fences to repel the besiegers.

Baia Mare will receive the rank of "castrum" (fortified town) but that does not include Polish troops of John Albert of looted in 1490.

En1526 the city of Baia Mare is the property of the new voivod of Transylvania, Ion Zapolya period of decline in local economic life, the city resources being wasted in costly wars Zapolya and its successors.

"Schola Rivulina" (1527) which belonged to the reformed religion is one of the important institutions of religious education at the time who gave theologians, government officials, judges, mining engineers.

In 1699, like Transylvania, Baia-Mare passed under Austrian occupation.
Captain Pintea Viteazul trying unsuccessfully in 1703 to drive the Austrians.
In 1867 the autonomy of Transylvania is abolished, the Austrian Empire became the dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy.

A certain development of the arts is visible, the influence of Secession style is visible in buildings, there are painters attracted by the scenery and anthropologists came to study the customs and traditions of Romania.

From 1918 Baia Mare back in the Romanian government to dictate to Vienna in 1940 when the north-west of Transylvania is once again occupied.

Historical objectives of Baia Mare:

Old Square (Circulus fori)
Home Ioan de Hunedoara
The old Hotel Imperial Mint 1734-1737 for the issuing of currency. Our days is the museum of history and archeology of Maramures
The Tour butchers erected in the fifteenth century
Home Lendvay
La Tour d'Etienne annex to St. Stephen's Cathedral built by Iancu de Hunedoara in the fifteenth century. The Tower was used for monitoring the surroundings.

The house was built in 1446 Elizabeth Voïvode of Iancu de Hunedoara for his wife, Elisabeth

In 1939 the oldest church in the Romanian wood, Chechi was transported into the city on the hill of flowers;
Around it was built the folk art museum.

The old hostel Vulturul Negru, built before 1790 that is in the current Place of Liberty in the center of the city.

The Holy Trinity Church built between 1717-1720
The drama opens in the eighteenth century.

The group of statues "Council of Wise Men" that belongs to the greatest sculptor of these places, Vida Géza.

The monument of the Romanian hero, died in World War II directed by artist Andrei Ostap.

The Museum of Ethnography of traditional arts in Baia Mare


Text: Cleopatra Lorintiu

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